Let f (x) be a quadratic polynomial such that f(-2) + f(3) = 0. If one of the roots of f (x) = 0 is -1, then the sum of the roots of f (x) = 0 is equal to:
Detailed Explanation
Key Ideas to Remember
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Standard shape of a quadratic:
Any quadratic polynomial can be written as or, if you know its roots and , it can be factored as Here, is just a common scale‐factor. -
Relation between roots and coefficients:
For with roots : -
Using a given root:
If one root is , then is a factor. So we can rewrite the quadratic as where is the unknown second root. -
Extra condition gives another equation:
Plug and into the factored form, add, and set the sum to zero. Because , the bracketed expression itself must be zero, letting us solve for .
Once is found, use to get the desired answer.
Simple Explanation (ELI5)
What’s happening here?
Imagine a magic box (the quadratic polynomial) that eats a number , does some secret squaring-and-adding, and spits out a new number .
We are told three simple facts:
- If we feed in and also , and then add their outputs, we get zero.
- One special input, , makes the box spit out exactly zero (so is a root).
- The question asks: If one root is 5 , what is the sum of both roots?
Think of the roots as two hidden keys. We already know one key (). We use the given clue (the sum ) to crack the other key. Once both keys are known, we just add them to give the final answer.
Step-by-Step Solution
Step-by-Step Solution
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Write the quadratic with a known root
Since one root is , factor: where and is the second root. -
Use the condition
• Evaluate at : • Evaluate at : • Add and set to zero: Because , we must have -
Find the sum of the roots
Roots are and . Therefore -
Final Answer
Examples
Example 1
Designing a projector lens: the quadratic equation describing focal points has two solutions; knowing one focus position helps find the other.
Example 2
Ballistic motion path: time of ascent and descent satisfy a quadratic; if one time (say, ascent) is known, the other can be deduced quickly with sum of roots.
Example 3
RC circuit charging: quadratic in time constants arises; one measured zero helps compute the other unknown zero.
Visual Representation
References
- [1]IIT JEE Previous Years’ Questions on Quadratic Equations
- [2]Hall & Knight – Higher Algebra (Chapter on Quadratic Equations)
- [3]Mathematics Class XII NCERT, Chapter 2: Relations between Roots and Coefficients
- [4]Art of Problem Solving (AoPS) online discussion threads on quadratic root conditions